Extraction of Dyes from Carthamus tinctorius(Safflower) and Jatropha curcas (Physic nut) from Southern Shan State, Taunggyi (Myanmar)

Abstract

In this study, a natural dye extraction was carried out to isolate dyestuff extract. The safflower flowers (Carthamus tinctorius) that are usable to extract dye was collected from Pin Phyit model village, Yawk Sauk township, Southern Shan State and the bark of Jatrophacurcas (Physic nut) was collected from Taunggyi. The dyes were extracted by using the solvents such as distilled water and 10% Na₂CO₃ solution. The water soluble yellowish dye was extracted from yellow colored safflower flower florets. The water soluble dark yellow colored dye was extracted from complex colored safflower flower florets. The alkali soluble dark red dye was extracted from complex colored safflower flower florets by using 10% Na₂CO₃ solution. The yield percents of yellow, dark yellow and dark red dyes were 26%, 26.5% and 2.2%. R_f values of the yellow dye, dark yellow and dark red dye were 0.78, 0.78 and 0.8 respectively. Extracted dyes were compared with the dyes used in curried rice by paper chromatography method. According to chromatograms, R_f values of safflower dyes were the same with that of the food dyes. According to the literature, yellow dye may be carthamidin and reddish brown dye may be carthamin, but it can not be confirmed due to the lack of authentic. The dyes of safflower flowers can be used as food dyes. The bark of Jatropha curcas extracted by using ethanol in both wet and dry basis. The yield percents of dyes with wax extracted from Jatropha curcas were 15% and 15.2 %.